Articles

T cells are a type of white blood cells (lymphocytes). They make up part of the immune system. T cells help the body fight diseases or harmful substances. A test can be done to measure the number of T cells in your blood.

Triiodothyronine (T3) is a thyroid hormone. It plays an important role in the body’s control of metabolism. A laboratory test can be done to measure the amount of T3 in your blood. See also:

The T3RU test measures the level of proteins that carry thyroid hormone in the blood.

T4 (thyroxine) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. A laboratory test can be done to measure the amount of T4 in your blood.

Taeniasis is a tapeworm infection.

Tailbone trauma is an injury to the small bone at the lower tip of the spine.

Takayasu arteritis is an inflammation of the aorta — the artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body — and its major branches. See also:

Talcum powder is a powder made from a purified mineral called talc. Talcum powder poisoning may occur when someone accidentally or intentionally breathes in or swallows talcum powder. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you ...

Tar remover is a chemical product used to get rid of tar, a dark oily material. This article discusses the health problems that may occur if you breathe in or touch tar remover. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an ...

This article describes the effects of a tarantula spider bite. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call your local emergency number (such as 911) or the National Poison Control Center at ...

Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder that involves involuntary movements, especially of the lower face. Tardive means “delayed” and dyskinesia means “abnormal movement.”

Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) is a test performed on blood cells or bone marrow (biopsy) to confirm a diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. This test can also be done on blood plasma to look for signs of bone breakdown.

Taste impairment means there is a problem with your sense of taste. Problems range from distorted taste to a complete loss of the sense of taste. However, a complete inability to taste is rare.

Tay-Sachs disease is a deadly disease of the nervous system passed down through families.

The Tdap vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough). All of these are serious, potentially deadly illnesses caused by bacteria. See also:

Teething is the growth of teeth through the gums in the mouth of infants and young children.

Telangiectasias are small blood vessels on the skin. They are usually meaningless, but may be associated with several diseases.

Temper tantrums are disruptive or undesirable behaviors or emotional outbursts displayed in response to unmet needs or desires. They may also refer to an inability to control emotions due to frustration or difficulty expressing a particular need or desire.

Temperature measurement is a method to take a person’s temperature and determine whether it is within a normal range. A high temperature is a .

Temporal arteritis is inflammation and damage to blood vessels that supply the head area, particularly the large or medium arteries that branch from the neck and supply the temporal area. If the inflammation affects the arteries in your neck, upper body and arms, it is called giant cell arteritis.

Tendinitis is inflammation, irritation, and swelling of a tendon, which is the fibrous structure that joins muscle to bone. In many cases, tendinosis (tendon degeneration) is also present.

Tendon repair is surgery to repair damaged or torn tendons.

Tenesmus is the feeling that you constantly need to pass stools, even though your bowels are already empty. It may involve straining, pain, and cramping.

Tennis elbow is inflammation, soreness, or pain on the outside (lateral) side of the upper arm near the elbow. There may be a partial tear of the tendon fibers, which connect muscle to bone. The tear may be at or near where these fibers begin, on the outside of the elbow.

Tenosynovitis is inflammation of the lining of the sheath that surrounds a tendon (the cord that joins muscle to bone).

The Tensilon test is a method to help diagnose .

A tension headache is pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck, usually associated with muscle tightness in these areas. See also:

The testes are two egg-shaped male reproductive organs located in the . They produce sperm and the male hormone, . Related topics:

A testicle lump is swelling or a growth (mass) in one or both testicles. See also:

Testicle pain is discomfort in one or both . The pain sometimes radiates to the lower abdomen.

Testicle is an imaging test that examines the and other parts inside the scrotum. The testicles are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and the hormone . They are located in the , the flesh-covered sac that hangs between the legs at the base of the .

Testicular biopsy is surgery to remove a piece of tissue from the for examination under a microscope.

Testicular cancer is cancer that starts in the testicles, the male reproductive glands located in the scrotum.

Testicular failure is the inability of the to produce sperm or male hormones. See also:

Testicular self-examination is an examination of the . The testicles (also called the testes) are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone. They are located in the scrotum under the penis.

Testicular torsion is the twisting of the spermatic cord, which cuts off the blood supply to the testicle and surrounding structures within the .

Testicular torsion repair is surgery to untangle a spermatic cord. The spermatic cord is the collection of blood vessels in the scrotum leading to the testicles. If it twists or turns, develops. This torsion (pulling and twisting) blocks blood flow to the testicle.

A testosterone test measures the amount of the male hormone, testosterone, in the blood.

Tetanus is infection of the nervous system with the potentially deadly bacteria Clostridium tetani (C. tetani).

Tetrahydrozoline is a form of a medicine called imidazoline, which is found in over-the-counter eye drops and nasal sprays. Tetrahydrozoline poisoning occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally swallows this product. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or ...

Tetralogy of Fallot refers to a type of congenital heart defect. Congenital means present at birth.

Thalassemia is a blood disorder passed down through families (inherited) in which the body makes an abnormal form of , the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. The disorder results in excessive destruction of red blood cells, which leads to anemia. See also:

Therapeutic drug level are laboratory tests to look for the presence and the amount of specific drugs in the blood.

Thiamin is one of the B vitamins, a group of water-soluble vitamins that are part of many of the chemical reactions in the body.

Thiazide is an ingredient found in certain medications used to treat high blood pressure. Thiazide occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of ...

Thioridazine is a medication prescribed to treat serious mental and emotional disorders, including schizophrenia. Thioridazine occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication. This is for information only and not for use in the ...

Absence of thirst is a lack of the urge to drink fluids, even when the body is low on water or has an excess amount of salt.

Excessive thirst is an abnormal feeling of always needing to drink fluids.

Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the chest.

An aneurysm is an abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel. A thoracic aortic aneurysm occurs in the part of the body’s largest artery (the aorta) that passes through the chest. See also:

Thoracic CT (computer tomography) is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the the chest and upper abdomen. See:

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a rare condition that involves pain in the neck and shoulder, and of the fingers, and a weak grip. The thoracic outlet is the area between the rib cage and collar bone.

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the thoracis spine is an imaging method that uses x-rays to create cross-sectional pictures of the upper back (thoracic spine).

A thoracic spine x-ray is an of the twelve chest (thoracic) vertebrae. The vertebrae are separated by flat pads of cartilage that cushion them.

A throat swab culture is a laboratory test done to isolate and identify organisms that may cause infection in the throat.

Thromboangiitis obliterans is a rare disease in which blood vessels of the hands and feet become blocked.

Thrombocytopenia is any disorder in which there is an abnormally low amount of platelets. Platelets are parts of the blood that help blood to clot. This condition is sometimes associated with abnormal bleeding.

Thrombocytopenia is any disorder in which there are not enough . Platelets are cells in the blood that help the blood clot. A low platelet count makes bleeding more likely. When drugs or medications are the causes of a low platelet count, it is called drug-induced thrombocytopenia. See also:

Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break up or dissolve blood clots, which are the main cause of both heart attacks and stroke.

Thrombophlebitis is swelling (inflammation) of a vein caused by a .

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that causes blood clots to form in small blood vessels around the body, and leads to a low platelet count (). See also:

Thrush is a yeast infection of the mucus membrane lining of the mouth and tongue.

Thyroid cancer is a cancerous growth of the thyroid gland.

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is the most common cancer of the thyroid gland. See also:

The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck, just below the voice box (larynx). It produces chemicals (hormones) that help the body control metabolism. Thyroid hormone is normally produced in response to another hormone released by the pituitary gland. There are four main types of ...

Thyroid function tests are common tests used to tell how well your thyroid is working. See the following articles for details:

Thyroid gland removal is surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland. Your thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland that lies over your trachea (the tube that carries air to your lungs). It is just below your voice box. Total thyroidectomy removes the entire gland. Subtotal or partial ...

A thyroid nodule is a growth (lump) in the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the base of the neck.

Thyroid preparations are medications used to treat thyroid gland disorders. occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of such medications. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison ...

A thyroid scan is a that uses a radioactive iodine tracer to see how well the thyroid gland is working.

Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition that develops in cases of untreated thyrotoxicosis ().

A thyroid ultrasound is an imaging method used to see the thyroid — a gland in the neck that regulates .

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a condition in which there are episodes of in people with high levels of thyroid hormone (, thyrotoxicosis).

The tibia is the larger of two long bones in the lower leg (between the knee and ankle). It is sometimes called the shin bone. See also:

Tibial nerve dysfunction is a loss of movement or sensation in the lower leg, caused by damage to the nerve.

Ticks are small, insect-like creatures that can attach to you as you brush past bushes, plants, and grass. Once on you, ticks often move to a warm, moist location, like the armpits, groin, and hair. At that point they typically attach firmly to your skin and begin to draw blood. Ticks can be ...

Tick paralysis is a loss of muscle function that results from a .

Ticks are small, insect-like creatures that live in woods and fields. They attach to you as you brush past bushes, plants, and grass. Once on you, ticks often move to a warm, moist location, like the armpits, groin, and hair. They typically attach firmly to your skin and begin to draw blood for ...

“Time out” is a technique used by parents and teachers in response to undesired behavior in a child. It involves removing the child from the environment and activities in which the inappropriate behavior occurred, and placing the child in a specific place for a specific amount of time. ...

Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp. It is also called of the scalp.

Tinea corporis is a skin infection due to fungi. It is also called of the body. See also: (jock itch) (athlete’s foot)

Tinea versicolor is a long-term (chronic) .

Tinnitus is the medical term for “hearing” noises in your ears when there is no outside source of the sounds. The noises you hear can be soft or loud. They may sound like ringing, blowing, roaring, buzzing, hissing, humming, whistling, or sizzling. You may even think you are hearing ...

To successfully lose weight, you must carry out a plan that balances the calories you eat every day with your activity and exercise. Ideally, dieting should be done by eating a nutritionally balanced, low-calorie diet and increasing physical activity. Related topics:

A titer is a measurement of the amount or concentration of a substance in a solution. It usually refers to the amount found in a patient’s blood.

Temporomandibular joint and muscle disorders (TMJ disorders) are problems or symptoms of the chewing muscles and joints that connect your lower jaw to your skull. See also:

Helping your young child prepare for a medical test or procedure can reduce anxiety, increase cooperation, and help the child develop coping skills.

Toilet bowl cleaners and deodorizers are substances used to clean and remove odors from toilets. Poisoning may occur when someone swallows toilet bowl cleaner or deodorizer. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an ...

Tolmetin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to help relieve pain, tenderness, swelling, and stiffness due to certain types of arthritis. Tolmetin occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication. This ...

Toluene and xylene are powerful compounds that are found in many household and industrial substances. Toluene and xylene poisoning can occur when someone swallows these substances, breathes in their vapors, or when these substances touch the skin. This is for information only and not for use in ...

A tongue biopsy is surgery to remove a piece of the tongue for examination under a microscope.

Tongue problems include pain, swelling, or a change in how the tongue looks.

Tongue tie is a condition in which the bottom of the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth by a band of tissue called the lingual frenulum. This connection restricts the free movement (range of motion) of the tongue’s tip.

Tonometry is a test to measure the pressure inside your eyes. The test is used to screen for .

Tonsillectomy is surgery to remove the tonsils. These glands are at the back of your throat. Often, tonsillectomy is done at the same time as , surgery to remove the adenoid glands.

Tonsillitis is inflammation (swelling) of the tonsils. See also:

Abnormal tooth color is any color other than the white to yellowish-white of normal teeth.

An abnormally shaped tooth is any tooth that has an irregular shape.

A tooth abscess is a collection of infected material (pus) resulting from a bacterial infection in the center of a tooth.

Tooth decay in early childhood occurs most often in the upper and lower front teeth (incisors) and can be a serious problem.

Toothache is pain in or around a tooth.

Toothpaste is a product used to clean teeth. This article discusses the effects of swallowing a lot of toothpaste. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call your local emergency number (such as ...

The TORCH screen is a blood test that checks for several different infections in a newborn. TORCH stands for , , cytomegalovirus, , and HIV. Sometimes the test is spelled TORCHS, where the extra “S” stands for syphilis.

Torticollis is a twisted neck in which the head is tipped to one side, while the chin is turned to the other.

Total abdominal colectomy is the removal of the large intestine from the ileum (lowest part of the small intestine) to the rectum. After it is removed, the end of the small intestine is sewn to the rectum.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return is a (present at birth) in which none of the four veins that take blood from the lungs to the heart is attached to the left atrium (left upper chamber of the heart).

Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) is a blood test that shows if there is too much or too little iron in the blood. Iron is carried in the blood attached to the protein transferrin. This test helps measure the ability of a protein called transferrin to carry iron in the blood.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. Fluids are given into a vein to provide most of the necessary nutrients the body needs. The method is used when a person cannot or should not receive feedings or fluids by mouth. Sick or premature ...

Total proctocolectomy and ileal-anal pouch surgery is the removal of the large intestine and most of the rectum. The surgery is done in one or two stages.

Total proctocolectomy with ileostomy is surgery to remove all of the colon (part of the large intestine), rectum, and anus.

The total protein test is a rough measure of all the found in the fluid portion of your blood. Specifically it looks at the total amount of two classes of proteins: and globulin. Proteins are important parts of all cells and tissues. For example, albumin helps prevent fluid from leaking out of ...

Toxic megacolon is a life-threatening complication of other intestinal conditions that causes rapid widening (dilation) of the large intestine within 1 to a few days.

Toxic nodular goiter involves an enlarged thyroid gland that contains a small rounded growth or growths called nodules. These nodules produce too much thyroid hormone.

Toxic shock syndrome is a severe disease that involves fever, , and problems with the function of several body organs.

Toxic synovitis is a condition affecting children that causes and limping.

A toxicology screen refers to various tests to determine the type and approximate amount of legal and illegal drugs a person has taken.

Toxins are substances created by plants and animals that are poisonous to humans. Toxins also include medications that are helpful in therapeutic doses but poisonous when used in an excess amount. Most toxins that cause problems in humans are released by microorganisms such as bacteria. Related ...

The toxoplasma test looks for in the blood to a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite causes an infection called , which can be dangerous to a developing fetus and persons with AIDs.

Toxoplasmosis is an infection due to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

A tracheal or bronchial rupture is a tear or break in the windpipe (trachea) or bronchial tubes, the major airways leading to the lungs. A tear can also occur in the tissue lining the windpipe.

Tracheitis is a bacterial infection of the windpipe (trachea).

Tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia repair is surgery to repair two birth defects in your esophagus and trachea. Your esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Your trachea, or windpipe, is the tube that carries air to the lungs. These defects usually ...

Acquired tracheomalacia is a weakness and floppiness of the walls of the windpipe (trachea) that develops after birth. See also:

Congenital tracheomalacia is a weakness and floppiness of the walls of the windpipe (trachea), which is present at birth.

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure to create an opening through the neck into the trachea (windpipe). A tube is usually placed through this opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs. This tube is called a tracheostomy tube or trach tube.

Trachoma is a bacterial infection of the eye.

As a general term, traction means pulling on part of the body. Most often, traction uses mechanical force (sometimes generated by weights and pulleys) to put tension on a displaced bone or joint, such as a dislocated shoulder, to put it back in position and keep it still. Traction is also used ...

A hemolytic transfusion reaction is a serious problem that occurs after a patient receives a transfusion of blood. The red blood cells that were given to the patient are destroyed by the patient’s own immune system.

Transient familial hyperbilirubinemia is a metabolic disorder that is passed down through families. Babies with this disorder are born with severe .

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is an episode in which a person has -like symptoms for up to 1-2 hours. A TIA is often considered a warning sign that a true stroke may happen in the future if something is not done to prevent it.

Transient tachypnea is a respiratory disorder usually seen shortly after delivery in full- or near-term babies. Transient means it is short-lived (usually less than 24 hours). Tachypnea means rapid breathing (most normal newborns take 40 – 60 breaths per minute).

Transient tic disorder is a temporary condition in which a person makes one or many brief, repeated, difficult to control movements or noises (tics).

Transillumination is the shining of a light through a body cavity or organ.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a procedure to create new connections between two blood vessels in your liver. You may need this procedure if you have very bad liver problems.

Translocation means a change in location. It usually refers to genetic translocations, in which part of a chromosome is transferred to another chromosome. This type of translocation results in changed and often flawed chromosomes. In another type of translocation, two chromosomes will trade pieces ...

Transplant rejection is when a transplant recipient’s immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue. See also .

Transplantation is a procedure done to replace one of your organs with a healthy one from someone else. It is a complex, long-term process of which the actual surgery is only one element. A wide range of experts will help you prepare for the procedure, and to make sure you are comfortable before, ...

Transposition of the great vessels is a congenital heart defect in which the two major vessels that carry blood away from the heart — the aorta and the pulmonary artery — are switched (transposed).

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is surgery to remove all or part of the prostate gland, to treat an . See also:

Transvaginal ultrasound is a type of pelvic ultrasound. It is used to look at a woman’s reproductive organs, including the uterus, ovaries, , and . Transvaginal means across or through the vagina. See also:

A traumatic event is an experience that causes physical, emotional, psychological distress, or harm. It is an event that is perceived and experienced as a threat to one’s safety or to the stability of one’s world. A traumatic event may involve: A move to a new location Death of a ...

Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra involves damage caused by an outside force.

Traumatic nasogastric or endotracheal intubation involves putting a tube through the nose into the trachea (airway) or into the stomach. Nasogastric tube placement is done to remove excess air, fluid, food, drugs, or poison from the stomach, or to deliver nutrients or drugs into the stomach. ...

Traveler’s diarrhea is loose, watery, and frequent stools that occur after visiting areas with contaminated water supplies, poor sewage systems, or improper food handling. Traveling to third world or developing countries raise your risk for traveler’s diarrhea include. Such countries ...

Traveling with children presents special challenges. It disrupts familiar routines and imposes new demands. Planning ahead — and involving children in the planning — may lessen the stress of travel.

Trazodone is an antidepressant medication. Trazodone occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an ...

Treacher-Collins syndrome is a condition that is passed down through families (hereditary) and leads to defects of the face.

A tremor is a type of involuntary shaking movement. Involuntary means you shake without trying to do so. A tremor is often most noticeable in your hands and arms, but it may affect any body part (even your head or voice). There are three main types of tremors: Resting (or static) tremors: These ...

Trench mouth is a painful bacterial infection that involves swelling (inflammation) and ulcers in the gums (gingiva).

Trichinosis is infection with the roundworm Trichinella spiralis.

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.

Trichorrhexis nodosa is a problem in which thickened or weak points (nodes) along the hair shaft cause your hair to break off easily.

Trichotillomania is hair loss from compulsive pulling or twisting of the hair until it breaks off.

Tricuspid atresia is a type of in which the tricuspid heart valve is missing or abnormally developed. The defect blocks blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

Tricuspid regurgitation is a disorder in which the heart’s tricuspid valve does not close properly, causing blood to flow backward (leak) into the right upper heart chamber (atrium) when the right lower heart chamber (ventricle) contracts.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a nerve disorder that causes a stabbing or electric-shock-like pain in parts of the face.

The triglyceride level is a laboratory test to measure the amount of triglycerides in your blood. Triglycerides are a type of fat. Your body makes some triglycerides. Triglycerides also come from the food you eat. When you eat, your body uses carbohydrate calories for immediate energy. Leftover ...

Trisodium phosphate is a strong chemical. Poisoning occurs if you accidentally swallow, breathe in, or spill large amounts of this substance on your skin. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should ...

Trisomy 13 (also called Patau syndrome) is a genetic disorder in which a person has three copies of genetic material from 13, instead of the usual two copies. Rarely, the extra material may be attached to another chromosome (translocation).

Trisomy 18 is a genetic disorder in which a person has a third copy of genetic material from 18, instead of the usual two copies.

Tropical sprue is a condition seen in residents of, or visitors to, tropical areas. It impairs the absorption of nutrients from the intestines, causing . See also:

The troponin test measures the levels of one of two proteins, troponin T or troponin I, in a blood sample. These proteins are released when the heart muscle has been damaged, such as during a heart attack. The more damage there is to the heart, the greater the amount of troponin T and I there will ...

Truncus arteriosus is a rare type of in which a single blood vessel (truncus arteriosus) comes out of the right and left ventricles, instead of the normal two (pulmonary artery and aorta). There are different types of truncus arteriosus, depending on the anatomy of the single vessel.

Trypsin and chymotrypsin are substances released from the pancreas during normal digestion. When the pancreas does not produce enough trypsin and chymotrypsin, smaller-than-normal amounts can be seen in a stool sample. This article discusses the test to look for trypsin and chymotrypsin in stool.

Trypsinogen is a substance normally produced in the pancreas. Trypsinogen moves from the pancreas to the small intestine. However, some diseases can interrupt this process. A test can be done to measure the amount of trypsinogen in your blood.

Tryptophan is an needed for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is an essential amino acid, which means your body cannot produce it — you must get it from your diet.

A TSH test measures the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in your blood. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and tells the thyroid gland to make and release the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). See also:

TSI stands for thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin. TSI stimulates the thyroid gland to enlarge and release excess amounts of thyroid hormone. This article discusses the test to determine the amount of TSI in your blood.

Tubal ligation (or “tying the tubes”) is surgery to close a woman’s fallopian tubes. These tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus. A woman who has this surgery can no longer get pregnant (sterile).

A tubercle is a small rounded point of a bone. It also refers to a attached to bone, , or skin. The term “tubercle” is less commonly used to refer to skin irritation resulting from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection.

The tuberculin tine test is used to determine whether someone has been infected with the bacteria that causes tuberculosis. However, the test is rarely used because other tests are more accurate.

Tuberculous arthritis is an infection of the joints due to (TB). See also:

Tuberculous (TB) pleural effusion is a buildup of fluid in the space between the lining of the lung and the lung tissue (pleural space) after a severe, usually long-term infection with tuberculosis. See also:

Tuberous sclerosis is a group of two genetic disorders that affect the skin, brain/nervous system, kidneys, and heart, and cause tumors to grow. The diseases are named after a tuber- or root-shaped growth in the brain.

Tularemia is an infection common in wild rodents. It is transmitted to humans by contact with infected animal tissues or by , biting flies, and mosquitoes.

A tumor is an abnormal growth of body tissue. Tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign).

Turner syndrome is a genetic condition in which a female does not have the usual pair of two X chromosomes.

Turpentine oil is a substance distilled from material that comes from pine trees. Turpentine oil poisoning occurs when someone swallows turpentine oil. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call ...

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a rare condition that occurs only in identical twins while they are in the womb.

Tympanometry is a test used to detect disorders of the middle ear.

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic (lifelong) disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels. See also:

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic (lifelong) disease marked by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. See also:

This article describes health care providers involved in primary care, nursing care, and specialty care. This is just one way of organizing the many types of health care providers. See the following articles for detailed information on specific types of health care providers:

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection characterized by , disease, and a — most commonly caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi (S. typhi).

Typhus is a bacterial disease spread by lice or fleas.