Testicular cancer can primarily spread to the lymph nodes, but it can spread to the lungs and, or the liver. Those are very common locations if left untreated.
Like any other cancer that spreads to other parts of the body, people can develop symptoms of unintentional weight loss. They can develop abnormal liver function tests, which are blood tests that we commonly do to check up on the liver. They can develop respiratory problems if they have it spread to the lung.
More often than not, most people don’t have a lot of symptoms of spread other than noticing a lump on their testicle.
Low back pain can occur if there is spread to the bones or if a person gets an enlarged lymph node to the point where it’s creating or pushing up against other structures in the body that can make them feel discomfort.
Shortness of breath can happen if it spreads to the lungs and, or if it’s pushing up against their diaphragm.
Belly pain can occur. Chest pain is less common. Belly pain can simply occur if anything is growing inside the abdomen and pushes up against things. You can have loss of appetite, feelings of early satiety, where you’re getting full really quickly and you’re not eating large amounts of food.
Headaches and confusion can occur if it spreads to the brain. Certainly, that can occur.
For the most part, with rare exceptions, if there are no lumps on your testicle, it’s unlikely that you have testicular cancer even if you’re experiencing any of those other symptoms. The main thing a person can do is self-examination to make sure you don’t have any new growths on your testicle that you didn’t otherwise detect before.