Which Type of Primary Care Doctor Is Right for You?

Your primary care doctor is often your first stop for everyday health concerns. They provide routine checkups, preventive screenings, vaccinations and treatment for common illnesses and chronic conditions. They can also address mental health concerns and coordinate care with specialists when needed.  

Many primary care teams include nurse practitioners and physician assistants, who provide routine care, prescribe medications and help you get appointments when you need them.  

Primary care doctors have different areas of expertise. Some care for patients of all ages, while others focus on children, adults or older adults.  

Here’s a closer look at five types of doctors and how to choose the right one for you.  

1. Pediatricians  

Pediatricians care for babies, children and teens. They provide preventive care, immunizations, treatment for childhood illnesses and developmental assessments.  

During your baby’s first year, you'll see the pediatrician frequently for well-baby checkups to monitor growth and development.  

Pediatric care often continues through age 17, although some practices see patients into young adulthood. Ask your pediatrician when it's time to transition to an adult primary care doctor.  

If you’re expecting a baby, consider choosing a pediatrician before your child is born.  

2. Family medicine doctors  

Family medicine doctors care for people of all ages, from newborns to older adults. They provide preventive care, treat common illnesses and help manage chronic conditions.  

They’re a convenient choice for families who want one doctor to care for both parents and children.  

3. Internal medicine doctors (internists)  

Internal medicine doctors, also called internists, specialize in adult health. They provide preventive care and diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions, including complex medical problems.  

Some internists provide general primary care, while others specialize in areas such as cardiology or gastroenterology.  

Both family medicine doctors and internists provide primary care for adults. The main difference is that family medicine doctors treat patients of all ages, while internists focus on adult health.  

4. Obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs)  

OB-GYNs specialize in reproductive health, pregnancy and childbirth. They also provide preventive care, including cervical cancer screenings, birth control counseling, fertility care and menopause support.  

Some patients see their OB-GYN for certain primary care services, while others also see a family medicine or internal medicine doctor for routine checkups and other health needs.  

Talk with your OB-GYN about whether having a primary care doctor could also help you meet your health needs. 

5. Geriatricians  

Geriatricians specialize in caring for older adults, especially those with complex health needs. They help manage chronic conditions, memory concerns, mobility problems and medications.  

They also work closely with families and caregivers to coordinate care and help older adults stay healthy and independent. 

Not every older adult needs a geriatrician. Many continue seeing a family medicine or internal medicine doctor for their primary care.  

As your health needs change, you may find that a different primary care doctor is a better fit. Consider finding a new doctor if you:  

Enter a new life stage: Young adults may switch from a pediatrician to a family medicine or internal medicine doctor. Older adults with complex health needs may benefit from seeing a geriatrician.  

Develop a chronic condition: You may want a doctor with experience managing your health concerns.  

Move or change insurance plans: Your current doctor may no longer be nearby or covered by your insurance.  

Have trouble getting appointments: You may prefer a doctor who offers more convenient scheduling or easier access to care.  

If you’re changing doctors, ask to have your medical records transferred to help ensure a smooth transition of care.  

Once you know which type of doctor you need, consider these questions to help find the right fit:  

• Does the doctor treat patients my age and have experience with my health concerns?  
• Do I want one doctor for my whole family?  
• Is the doctor board-certified and accepting new patients?  
• Does the doctor accept my insurance?  
• Is the office conveniently located, with appointments available when I need them?  
• Does the doctor speak my preferred language and offer virtual visits or online communication?  

At Scripps, you can use the MyScripps patient portal to communicate with your care team and manage appointments.  

Finding the right doctor is about more than credentials and convenience. Choose someone you trust, who listens to your concerns and makes you feel comfortable asking questions. 

Your first appointment is a chance to get to know your doctor and discuss your health needs. Bring a list of your medications, share your medical history and prepare questions about your main concerns.  

You may not have time to cover everything in one visit. Work with your doctor to prioritize your concerns and plan any follow-up care.  

Regular checkups, including an annual physical exam when appropriate, can help you build a strong relationship with your doctor and stay on top of your health.  

“If I could tell my future patients one thing, it would be that I need your help. I want to take good care of you, so please schedule an annual check-up. This is how we get to know you better. It helps us understand your history, needs and concerns,” says Dr. Ratanpal.  

Scripps offers family medicine, internal medicine, pediatric care, OB-GYN services and geriatric medicine throughout San Diego County.   

Use the Scripps Doctor Finder to explore providers by specialty, location and other preferences. Many offer online scheduling.  

Before scheduling, check with your insurance plan to confirm that your preferred doctor is in your network.